1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses) 八卦 trigram9 N5 m `0 ?- `
阴、阳 yin, yang) C8 f0 C( s" u$ c
道 Dao(cf. logo)9 H6 K+ s. M2 l. [- d, O, N; R+ a$ {
江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world) # W; G$ X' j* m% P0 ` e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖,身不由己) ; S8 D5 H4 U0 J 道 Daoism(Taoism)5 I( O# d% y1 ^, Q. `# G" u/ \5 I
上火 excessive internal heat 0 K p, O* Y% D* g) I2 Q3 t 儒学 Confucianism# C& s" S. ]( ^! v1 }" o
红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology 2 L) L* d! P. U3 Z6 f5 k 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia ; ]. o7 L! `6 p( } 开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world) 1 W# @2 n3 P' X A/ d+ R% L 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done/ D- _* I$ G/ G$ m
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded & V2 N9 S" D% g' z* n1 n3 z 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on … , [0 `8 ]" c" o2 E# [ 合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 2 |4 U7 [/ S: r 乱摊派,乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge ( X. a$ \7 W4 H% s2 I 铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post ' D3 E$ k* y1 @" l v 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty * x/ a0 W! N% ^4 E. r3 N 治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline# ]/ U4 ]! \7 m 2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial) . H8 K3 K. q# a' r2 m. x" B 国庆节 National Day : x+ ]! T" z% W( i/ s 中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival % m. Y7 a1 C# j: T: |+ i 春节 Spring Festival ' F+ Q ]# W& n, x& n; i 元宵节 Lantern Festival : K3 p4 b9 ]6 L6 S/ p- m+ E 儿童节 Children’s Day6 [; f2 p. q. | f u, b
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival/ s c; X1 m9 s
妇女节 Women’s Day . ]* u9 G- c" K9 W$ d 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day ' l8 X, X+ ~1 Y6 ]) a$ \, C4 H7 X 教师节 Teachers’ Day( }" q( ], ~0 x/ q
五四青年节 Youth Day6 x% D! A* ~* ~, r5 O- o1 p3 W& H4 M, u 3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods) ; W0 [( e0 y1 c W 馄饨 wonton 5 N6 A1 E) I4 b$ N. o/ z; F 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)" T2 p0 E% W' ^( U% _
花卷 steamed twisted rolls / e: G( u; E& ?, {" i( w, [! j 套餐 set meal8 o1 Q0 x+ T$ N. l9 }3 e
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 4 |4 Z f/ H4 p; U! n# B 米豆腐 rice tofu2 C: |1 g8 v- H7 S
魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 3 d4 G6 X' u& T 米粉 rice noodles - X9 e2 z& O& u! _1 R 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) ) n" x# x; i2 {) J$ _ 火锅 chafing dish ( V2 V7 K7 Y( [' W 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding4 N) M/ ?8 d/ L- l, u( f
粉丝 glass noodles1 `" _ z2 r0 E6 z
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd( M1 }* y. g6 w' f7 K 4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things) 2 w' [5 g/ ?) m/ k2 s4 c 中国 电信 China Telecom/ c7 C' N* Y% F7 z& c' U
中国 移动 China Mobile " s0 |4 |6 G9 }: o 十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan: f1 B9 ^, ^7 C$ v
中国电脑联网 Chinanet " t7 W( ~ G" W 三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project, w" S7 r! E# C7 q
希望工程 Project Hope$ j! C+ D# S( Q8 \) i8 w
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway" S4 ~! K4 ?$ ?1 h, e: k( M
扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project / _1 B8 O4 t l9 {$ G; X 菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project/ X% v! n2 x# V) u% U( x
温饱工程 Decent-Life Project5 x" L6 R- M( m" G! w; E$ w
安居工程 Economy Housing Project. C6 U, f; ^8 H5 b# L2 Z. k$ n
扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign M# L+ a! ?- H- S+ A 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign作者: LiHui 时间: 2008-9-25 08:33 AM
5 、特有的一些汉语词汇 8 q8 q- u7 n3 H' w* [. ?4 W; ]8 f) R5 N' b& O, {
禅宗 Zen Buddhism 0 @2 y+ R+ s2 v; t$ H B) l% O" Y; i 禅 dhyana; dhgaya - @# A1 x6 i5 a& R$ ]4 [# A. T. ^' y+ r! H- k0 O
混沌 chaos [, O( _+ A6 \5 w2 [9 _7 \$ ~1 @$ k z6 e r! j
道 Daosim, the way and its power 7 r7 a7 g9 X3 B. Q0 \" H2 |5 J! h7 N B3 [7 {
四谛 Four Noble Truth! y2 a( c. z" A# b8 j/ @( |
. Q* n3 h. H9 l( J 八正道 Eightfold Path 6 ?- q9 l" c) \& S / ]4 t5 C7 |- q0 j 无常 anity ) W z& V" w% U. O$ ^8 I& t$ e( l8 u4 e% r* T* O
五行说 Theory of Five Elements 9 q8 d9 P: Z; o- u- t8 l5 a$ n+ y/ @1 O5 a7 R) @
无我 anatman4 D4 z% m8 `% ^1 Q8 l
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坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 9 ~! @+ _! {3 m! a' X+ H* U; F4 L' d; d3 ~+ m
空 sunyata , @) u3 a5 }2 o* Y- u3 `% _% H3 o8 w
虚无 nothingness, ~6 E3 X% V7 G; Q( u9 J
6 }8 ^" X/ V! m* m 双喜 double happiness(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英) , f4 o& M8 p7 [. O) S6 t2 N+ M( k7 {) [1 _* Z
小品 witty skits 6 C$ B" f& Q9 B4 L. I+ e# p7 l # T9 Y9 ?, t @: o- R 相声 cross-talk* ~' A7 N. A9 Z& v6 `7 {8 {* I/ k
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噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt/ I7 w7 u( s5 ?
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夜猫子 night people; night-owls; L7 w% S( X! N' P. s
1 b' o! @( i! \: e 本命年 this animal year of sb. . J& l/ R3 C' j+ ?- w4 x" {* C' ]! l8 f7 Q& F* G( [4 T* f
处世之道 philosophy of life 5 m( U# m7 r5 P) F( c8 r3 I# `% {$ n8 ]7 s; i2 a
姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage) @( z7 F9 k; S4 y( B `
* Z G- }) s5 C9 }$ S+ c3 ~7 ]& T9 { 还愿 redeem a wish (vows)* A9 O9 T* O% F" s1 E' y1 j
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6 、具有文化特色的现代表述 , `6 ~& {7 U* @ G y2 Z" S& f9 c/ n8 X7 K. j0 x
大陆中国 Mainland China6 D: m: g. L y* M+ y
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红宝书 little red book6 T+ U6 z) Q7 N; i' z1 C7 e" B
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红色中国 socialist China 5 @+ c3 n. z4 O3 _; G i' m 9 O! B: W$ `4 U" J' t2 S- g- M 四化 Four Modernizations' f8 g# ?5 i* I3 s. q# m$ [
4 [- E/ N6 I% i' J) j+ ~) T2 M 终生职业 job-for-life 0 `2 ]0 W9 b3 j# V \8 T7 E5 X4 ^% B" m% s" r6 M- `
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl& u# }) m4 n' T6 ~6 o
# Z! |4 g8 z: l! G' L: w 大锅饭 communal pot ' w e. w* I F: V L 0 l1 Q( t* I! f 关系户 closely-related units ! J+ g! x E3 ]" d) V4 G/ n Q( M8 D: w. j3 t
外出打工人员 migrant workers; d: K4 _9 h7 O
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关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild' a: R# J: s8 @5 R' t/ H7 P! M
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五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals - v% C( r# }( W5 d* C( j- `! r* B1 \1 O
四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment . b# H8 t: x4 p) w$ J; `3 I' {: P K9 ]" G) w
7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items) # P( B) z1 R3 z9 I* g- m7 u* H [ 9 N/ I# h4 Q' f. P4 g" Q; I! K' @ 宣纸 rice paper+ T N, ]6 `0 E/ ?
O6 t! ^( }: m, }) [ 衙门 yamen5 W0 ]* m: s7 N* f
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叩头 kowtow0 ?3 j4 _ S, `5 _+ v" X/ b
* y0 D5 X" v3 ^; Z [ 孔子Confucius 4 L( a9 ~6 d! A; B7 ~ $ _! o/ ]: \7 J* U3 A- S 牌楼 pailou;pai-loo 3 E/ n7 g& F; n0 {' s/ Z ?$ \7 V x
武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts) 9 y& k$ D7 T F# |) \ 6 c$ P3 j! [3 i p; {8 T+ K 功夫 kungfu ;kung fu $ V; D# T& a; [: ^& ?2 R / Y0 I2 o- X$ t! y, n9 i7 @+ F 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means) - f& E& R& A/ v4 c& x+ @+ e0 M4 d8 C+ q$ h
中和 harmony (zhonghe)% l" Y( q: m! X' z9 {
, |) S+ }' A$ Y! o2 k1 _ 孝顺 to show filial obedience/ U- `4 `9 E' Q) k+ v* J x2 B. s
' z b' G: g3 P5 E2 L2 R# ] 孝子 dutiful son! h# [9 n$ I2 l0 w4 e1 V
+ _3 a/ c. ^0 J- Q. y 家长 family head ( @6 b2 O$ g- M2 A- ?5 \8 H) U3 g- l3 K
三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife 1 H7 W9 z1 w, z: _' A$ m 2 _$ r; |* U1 j* {0 c# h6 I4 E" b( h 五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity- Q c% p/ \1 G% o
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八股文 eight-legged essays , t, z3 J9 r* f4 Q O* N # Q' }6 U! l' Z( U 多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 5 [& P- V% L2 ?! u5 ]7 }: l! ^$ I! N" I7 ^ Q; S6 u0 U
养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one’s old age 0 m# g: |- z/ I9 i4 P1 k4 Z ' Z9 u5 r2 [ Y1 b6 J 8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译0 v* u; S$ d- F* a- g5 F& k( \7 y A
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基层监督 grass-roots supervision- [( @8 r3 W9 w; L$ r9 ?8 M
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基础税率 base tariff level 0 [; G( x. F" Q' f1 n9 m Y' v4 d2 q; j6 F. n$ \
婚介所 matrimonial agency # `- T0 ]8 c& {1 [! g , v- C+ k; V4 s. B! |5 t4 u) M8 W 婚外恋 extramarital love & M) s6 k6 j: z9 A ' M/ D J# y9 E' j" I" L 婚纱摄影 bride photo- Z- x/ M- I4 ?! l. |9 z6 [9 D* r
! F; {# Z3 I3 M' l5 m 黑心棉 shoddy cotton* u* E" c" C3 n, f. \ z( d
, D' g. t1 P ^, T4 z 机器阅卷 machine scoring* H d2 J6 L5 X# H2 [
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即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery: ^, b# {! Y6 ]6 p% M
! u* j, m/ C% _5 |8 L' |6 @ 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development # ?+ f! Y* f h+ y w3 E6 k. t, y4 t: X3 ^
价格听证会 public price hearings" {% ~& l$ z5 F4 D$ J
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甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team' J& d& H6 p3 L( B
& k/ X5 y+ }5 u1 s5 j. ^' w) w 家政服务 household management service : |4 t9 f7 o; n ! v& {& A+ Y. @ 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion8 E4 K8 [8 b N Z
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假帐 accounting fraud $ V' e0 S* ~& {4 H3 Y. V. x+ l* u1 }* t2 v5 w$ s+ k
叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel & T6 j4 r! v! t u* D; U/ c $ ?7 e& T6 X4 I+ \! h- a# w 矫情 use lame arguments + O3 h- ?8 b8 B9 ~& n! f6 ?$ x1 O c/ e: b& l' y
渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence / H. D. _% F. t! H% i v8 N. H I4 x, ~' Z, H# p# ?
借调 temporarily transfer ; z6 k1 b, y) e; p3 B* W2 r( N) n8 M: g* d
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.- Q! K4 H ?' P& Q" V) U